The fish meal equipment incorporates a homogenizer, which leverages the different suspension speeds of fish meal compared to iron and stone to remove impurities such as iron, stone, organic plastic, and other residues from the wet fish meal raw material.
The construction of this type of machinery is simple, with minimal equipment, making it suitable for processing low-fat raw materials. However, the raw material can easily oxidize when exposed to high temperatures in the drying machine, resulting in poorer quality of the fish oil obtained. The wet process processing machinery mainly consists of a cutter, cooker, press, fish oil separator, juice concentrator, dryer, and grinder. The raw material is first cut into small pieces by the cutter, cooked in the cooker, pressed by the press to extract most of the water and fish oil, and then the press liquid, after being separated from the fish oil by the fish oil separator, is concentrated in the evaporator with the remaining juice (containing 6-8% water-soluble protein) and then mixed with the press cake to be sent to the dryer for drying; finally, it is ground into powder by the grinder. A typical wet process machinery flow is shown in the figure. The cutter relies on the shearing force between a row of fixed blades on the casing and multiple rotating blades on the internal rotating shaft to cut the raw material into small pieces.
Cookers can be divided into direct heating, indirect heating, and combined direct and indirect heating types according to the heating method. They can also be divided into spiral and paddle types according to their structure. The direct heating cooker consists of a horizontal cylinder and a central rotating shaft with spiral blades. There are multiple steam nozzles on the cylinder wall that directly spray steam onto the raw material to heat it, causing the protein to coagulate. The structure is simple, and the cooking speed is fast, but condensate can enter the raw material, causing inconvenience for subsequent drying, and is usually only used for small equipment without juice water recovery. The indirect heating cooker has a steam jacket on the horizontal cylinder, and the rotating shaft with spiral blades or paddles is hollow, with steam also passing through it, and a siphon pipe is installed at the center of the rotating shaft to guide out the condensate. Steam does not come into direct contact with the raw material. If the horizontal cylinder has both a steam jacket and steam nozzles, it is called a combined direct and indirect heating type.
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